The lottery is a popular way to spend money and raise public revenues. Its popularity defies conventional wisdom that it is a dubious and irrational enterprise, a form of taxation that robs the poor and the needy. But it is also a dangerous game because it trains people to think of money as something they can get by chance, instead of something that must be earned through diligence. When this mentality becomes a habit, it leads to the foregone savings that come with purchasing lottery tickets, and ultimately to the ill-effects of gambling on society.
While the concept of casting lots to determine fates or material fortunes has a long history, lotteries as public games are of much more recent origin. In 1612, King James I authorized the Virginia Company of London to run a lottery to finance its ships to colonize Virginia. In the 18th century, lottery funds helped construct Boston’s Faneuil Hall and George Washington ran a lottery to raise money for a road across the Blue Ridge Mountains.
State-run lotteries are a multibillion-dollar industry and have broad public support. Their appeal rests in part on the degree to which they are seen as benefiting specific public goods, such as education, that voters value highly. Moreover, they are not dependent on the objective fiscal health of states, as evidenced by the fact that they continue to enjoy broad public approval even in periods of economic stress. Nevertheless, the lottery’s promotion of gambling and its impact on lower-income people and compulsive gamblers is an ongoing source of concern.